Chinese 500: Reading Dictionaries
Words and phrases commonly appearing in dictionary definitions:
(Compiled by Deborah Rudolph)
ji �Y: that is, . . . ; i.e., . . .
- �ξ� �A �Y�X��� �C
- �f�|�A�Y��|�C
- �R�@�y�A�Y�@�ɻy�C
- ��ˡA�Y���ˡC
- �����A�Y���|�C�ѥ[���|�ҸաC
ming �W name, name of
- �K�A��W�A�b����١C
- �c�H�A�x�W�C�t�d�g������`�ͬ��ưȡC
- �j�M�|�A���K�ҦW�C
- �˸��M�A��١��˸��C���C�j�N�s�W�C
yi ming/you ming ��W �A �S�W: also called, also known as
- �L��k���A�פ��D����A��W������C
bieming �t�W: another name for . . .
- ���ءA��ᤧ�O�W�C
- �줽�A���Q���i���B���G�r�A�]�H���Q���O�W�C
- �ܻT�A���᪺�O�W�C
gu ming �G�W: therefore, it is called . . . ; hence its name
- �T����A�j�����U�١A�]��T�리ì�A�G�W�C
cheng ��, chengwei �٬�: to designate, to be designated; a designation for . . .
- ���ȡA�٭u�q�i���̡C
- ���U�A�̤l���١C
- �w���A�F�~�c�ܡm�w���֡n�ԭz�@�k�l��ع��e�����H�A�H�ܱ��N�C��E�N�k�k���ثH���A��ܷR�����s�����A�٬����w�����C
tongcheng �q��: a general term for . . .
- �ҡA�k�l���q�١C
- �ǵ��A�ǥͦ~���̤��q�١C
- ���A��´�����q�١C
- �c�H�A�m���B�c�k���q�١C
biecheng �O��: another term for . . .
- ���ΡA�D���O�١C
- ���A�����O�١C�۩P�N�l�A�H�����`�A���L�������A�������H�ٽѫJ�����C
- ���Z�A�߮Z���O�١C��Χ@�몺�N�١C
sucheng �U��: a common name for . . .
- �Ϧקɤl�A�ϦQ���U�١C
- �d��A�ΦW�C�Y�áC�U�ٿä��ΡC
jiucheng �º�: an old name for . . .
- ���]�A�º٨p�a�®{���ҡC
- �ǰ�A�Ǯդ��º١C
gu cheng �G��: therefore it is called . . .
- ����A��¡A�H��ҩm���G�١C
- ���h�A�Y�h�A�]��K�X�ӤU���A�G�١C
- �ﭦ�A���ʼ難�C���֮ɬ��e��A�G�١C
lvecheng �� ��, jiancheng ² ��, hocheng �X ��, shengcheng �� ��: abbreviated term, simplified term, combined term
- ����A�s���ᤧ���١C
- ���I�A���P�I�ߤ�²�١C
- ���u�A��ɡA���C���_�u���C��]�ٵ��_���u�����C���u�A²�١����u���C
- ���G�A���P�G�~���X�١C
- ��w�A�ʼ難�C���r�w���A�G�ٺ١���w���C
zhi ��: means, indicates, signifies
- ��O�A���@�Ѫ��O��C
- �շ|�A���۷R�k�k���p�|�C
yi zhi �� ��: also indicates, also means
- ���A�t���C�K������A������褤���t�@��C
- �y�A�]�q�F�СC�K������W�Y�y�C
- ���A�S�O�����d�C�`���Ҥ������d�C�K����X���S�����d�C
fanzhi �x ��: generally signifies, generally refers to
- ��l�A�x���ɶ��B�����C
- �˸��A�s�W�C�Y�˸��C�C��x�����s�C
- ���ѡA�G�H�}�ѡC���x���A�ƩΰȹA�C
- ��n�A�j�ɦ���W��A�n���U�ȡC���x����A�C
tezhi �S ��: refers specifically to
- ���A�Ө��C�S���Ө����w�C
- �T�A��T�C�S���a���I�n�M������T�C
wei ��: to mean, refer to
- �¤�¸}�A�װʧ@���F�ӡC
- �ߵL�G�ΡA�ױM�ߤ@�ơC
- ���ͥɩ��A�פH���S�̤]�C
- �A���A�רk�k�����C
. . . zhi wei/yi �K �� �� �A �N: meaning . . .
- �L�i�A���ߦh�����סC
- �ӾU�A�o���A���~�ɨ�E�Pı�F�Ӥ��סC
- �ӱ��A���t���N�C
yi wei ���: also means, also refers to
- �d�ߡA�d�P�ߡC��פS�d�S�ߡC
- ��A�w��C��רϦw��C
suwei/wei �U �� �A ��: commonly called . . . , colloquially termed . . .
wei zhi �� ��: . . . is called
- �A�B�A�k�k���e�B�����A�A�P�L�H���B�̿פ��A�B�C
yan ��: to say, to mean
ji yan �� ��: emphatically expressing . . .
zhi . . . (er) yan �� �K (��) ��: this is said about . . . , this refers to . . . , this means
- ���αШ|�A���@�ꤧ�쵥�Ш|�Ө��A��U��H�p�DZШ|�����αШ|�C
dui . . . yan �� �K ��: this is said in contrast to . . .
- ���a�A����a�ﲧ�a���C
- �K�A�A���`�ҵۤ���A��§�A���C
bie yu . . . er yan/yan zhi �O �� �K �� �� �A �� �� : as distinguished from . . .
ci/yu ���A �y : a term or expression for . . .
- ���H�A��H�b�O�����C
- �a�ġA�ջ��h�H��h�����C
qianci �� ��: a humilific, a humble way of referring to . . .
- �b�U�A�ۺ٤������C
- �ͤy�͡A�y�A��y�����F�͡A�{�����C�j�N�H�A�ͤҧg�����_�~���d�c�����A�G�Χ@���d�c�������C
xiangsheng ci �� �n ��: onomatopoeia
ben zuo �� �@: originally it was . . . , originally it was written . . .
- �G��A���@�G��A�~�ӱL��Ȥ��G�k�A�Ұ��K�@�٤G��C
yi/you zuo �� �A �S �@: also written . . .
- �q�b�A��@���q�Z���C�a�b�C
- �f���A��@�f��A�ׯf�ҥѰ_�C
- �y���ټM�A�j�n�����C��@���y���٩I���C
- ���|�A��@�������B�����C
tong �P: the same as . . .
- �Z�A�P���b���C
- �Y�A�P���A���C�A�ˡF���áC
- �M�A�P���ϡ��C�H�n�����A�پx�C
(yu . . . ) tong (�P �K ) �q: interchangeable with
- �w�A��Ū�A�P�^�q�C
- �P�A�q���b���C�b���A�b�СC
- �d��A�¦⪺���A�C�j�N���k�U�ڮɩҬ�C�d�A�q���`���C
ru �p: as in . . . , for instance
- ���A�����C�p�G�콢�F�g���C�Ѩ������H���C
you �S: just like . . . , the same as . . . , equivalent to . . .
- ��ߥ۸��A�S��H�ۤߡC
- ���A�S�����C�פѦ�N���A���M�F�誺�ɭԡC
- �t�ۡA�S�Į��C
you yan/yun �S���A��: just like saying . . . , equivalent to saying . . .
- �@���A�S���@�^�B�@�סC
- �H�M�A�S���G�u�p�O�C
- �s�\�A�ͦs�M���`�C�S���ͦ��C
- �r��A�������٩I�A�S���p�l�C
yu . . . xiangdui �P �K �� ��: opposite . . . in meaning
- ���A���ơA�P��ơ��_���۹�C
- �סA�ƪ��������C�P���l���۹�C
mao ��: in . . . manner, the appearance of . . .
- �����ը��A�۷\���F�J�滪�F�㻪�C
- ���k�A�껪�C
ben (yu) . . . shi/yu �� (��) �K �� �A �y: originating from the event/fact
- ���ҧL�A��������ߤ��ơA���{���ʱ�K���s���Һì��ʧL�ơC
yinshen wei/zhi . . . �� �� �� / �� �K : by extension, means/refers to/indicates . . .
- ���A�G�H�}�ӦӯѡC�K�ޥӬ��G�H�@�աC
- ��A�W��C�K��ޥӫ��B�����駽�����F��C
- �����A����F���M�O���C�K�ޥӫ��ѩ^���ơC�K�ɫ��ѩ^���ҡC
yu �� / yuzhi �� ��: used metaphorically to describe/to illustrate/to mean/to indicate
- ���e�A�뷥��C
- ���Y�D���A�릳�l�L�סC
- ����ѪšA�뺩�L��ڡC
- �õ��A������ê��Y�v�C
. . . zhi yu �� ��: an illustration for . . . , a metaphor for . . .
- �@�����ܡA�y��§�O���ɥά��x�T���蠟��C
biyu �� ��: a metaphor or analogy for, a figure of speech meaning . . .
- �K���A���k�k�����w�R�C
- ����A���K�~�A����C
jian ��: see; appears in
jian xia �� �U: see below
jian shang �� �W: see above
jian . . . tiao �� �K ��: see entry for . . .
ru . . . , jian �p �u �K �v�A �� �K: as ". . . ," see . . .
- �@��A���ܦ�A�p�u�����k�M�@��v���v�O�C
canjian/kan �� �� �A ��: see also
- ��A�t�s���~�f�ġA�Ѩ�����f���C
- �ۭ��A�ץǸo�̩�Ǹo���ƹ�|���oı�H�e�A�ۦ���i�k�|�����P�A�Ѭݦۥձ��C
yu jian . . . �y �� �K : the saying appears in . . .
- �@��T���A�y�����ǡA����v�����ΡC
yu ben �y ��, yu chu �y �X: the term originates in, is taken from . . .
- �������A�רƤ��ۯA�A�y�����ǡC
- �P���s�B�A�ήe�s�B���w�֡C�y�X�m�֡E�����E�����n�C
xiang . . . tiao �� �K ��: for a detailed explanation, see entry for . . .
- �l���A����l�A������A����y�`�A�Ԥl�����v���C
an ��: editor's note; note; nota bene
- ���H�A�g�쵥����H�M�C������Ĥs�~�Ӧ�²�G���k�轢�H�ǤZ�m�E�C�����A�����H����M�C